Cherepanov A.N and Manolov V.K*
The review presents the results of experimental and pilot industrial studies on the use of nanosized powders of refractory compounds in metallurgical and foundry industries. The main attention is paid to the presentation of the results of studying the effect of nanodispersions on the formation of the structure and mechanical properties in cast products from alloys based on iron, aluminum, and nickel. Using metallographic studies, it was found that small additions of nanomodifying powder compositions in an amount not exceeding 0.1% by weight significantly refine the structural components of the cast metal and increase its mechanical and operational characteristics. Thus, the nanomodification of heat resistant nickel based alloys makes it possible to increase the long term strength, plasticity, and thermoscyclic characteristics of prototypes (by a factor of 1.5–3). During nanomodification of aluminum alloys, a refinement of crystalline grains, including segregations of primary Si, and a decrease in porosity (up to 60%) are observed. Nanomodification has a significant effect on the structure and properties of the metal in the continuously cast steel ingot. The central porosity decreases (by 25%–36.7%), as well as the general chemical heterogeneity (by 39.8–75%), liquation, and general fracturing (by 34%–100%). The zone of equiaxed crystals and the mechanical properties of the cast metal increase.
Nanopowders • Casting production • Aluminum alloys
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