Vikrant Rai*
Esophageal cancer is the deadliest cancer in the world, with a 92% annual mortality rate per incidence. The two major types of ECs are esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and esophageal adenocarcinoma, with EAC having one of the worst prognoses in oncology. Limited screening techniques and a lack of molecular analysis of diseased tissues have resulted in late-stage presentation and extremely short survival times. The five-year survival rate of EC is less than 20%. Thus, early detection of EC may increase survival and improve clinical outcomes. Cellular and molecular biomarkers are used in diagnosis. However, this is an invasive method that does not produce a molecular profile of the diseased compartment. To reduce the invasiveness of diagnostic procedures, researchers are proposing non-invasive biomarkers for early diagnosis and point-of-care screening options.
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