临床传染病：开放获取

Emerging Antimicrobial Resistance Patterns in Nosocomial Infections: Implications for Clinical Management

Abstract

Hwang Angela

Nosocomial infections, also referred to as Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs), are infections that occur as a result of receiving medical care or treatment in a healthcare facility. These infections can manifest during a patient's hospital stay or even after discharge. Nosocomial infections pose a significant burden on both patients and healthcare systems, leading to increased morbidity, mortality and healthcare costs. Common types of nosocomial infections include Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs), surgical site infections, bloodstream infections (sepsis), pneumonia and gastrointestinal infections. They are typically caused by bacteria, viruses, fungi, or other pathogens that are present within the healthcare environment. Pathogens with high virulence or resistance to antimicrobial agents can more easily cause infections in vulnerable patients. These pathogens may include methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus, Clostridium difficile and multidrugresistant Gram-negative bacteria.