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Implication of Endothelin-2 and Oxidative Stress Biomarkers in Essential Hypertension

Abstract

Veena Dhawan, Indu Sharma, Nitin Mahajan, Sonal Malik Sangwan and Sanjay Jain

Objectives: Essential hypertension (EH) is a multifactorial disease and oxidative stress has been demonstrated to play an important role in its pathophysiology. Among several genes implicated in the pathophysiology of hypertension, endothelin-2 (ET-2), a potent vasoconstrictor, has been incriminated as a candidate gene for essential hypertension. To find out correlation of in vivo biomarkers of oxidative stress [oxidized low density lipoprotein (Ox-LDL), 8-iso- Prostaglandin F2α (8-iso-PGF2α)] and Nitrite (NO2-) are related to endothelin-2 levels and to determine their value as diagnostic markers in essential hypertension.

Methods: 100 subjects with essential hypertension and 150 age and sex-matched normotensive controls were enrolled to determine levels of ET-2, Ox-LDL, 8-iso-PGF2α and NO2-.

Results: We observed significantly augmented levels of ET-2 (P<0.001), Ox-LDL (P<0.001), 8-iso-PGF2α (P<0.001) and nitrite (P<0.001) in EH subjects as compared to the normal healthy controls. ET-2 demonstrated a positive and significant correlation with Ox-LDL, 8-iso-PGF2α, and nitrite levels in subjects with EH. ROC curve analysis revealed that all these variables were significantly able to distinguish EH subjects and controls with high sensitivity and specificity.

Conclusions: TOur findings highlight implication of these variables as potential markers for the disease and as possible targets for therapeutic management of the essential hypertension.