Kamel H, Nour A, Shams KA and Roushdy AM
Background: Pediatric cardiac catheterization now has a major role in management of structural and congenital heart disease (SACHD) with progressive increase in interventional procedures over time.
Objectives: This study aimed to describe the frequency, level of severity, and cause of complications in a tertiary center and point out patient and procedural predictors related to these complications.
Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective observational study which included a total of 1129 cases admitted to the cardiology department congenital and structural heart disease unit Ain Shams university hospitals over a 1-year period.
Results: The overall complication, major complication, and mortality rate was 10.5%, 2.2%, and 0.5%, respectively. The predictors that increased the risk of overall complications included weight (p-value<0.0001), age at the time of the procedure (p-value<0.0001), age group (<0.0001), category of CHD (p-value<0.0001), invasive haemodynamic as mean pulmonary artery pressure(PAP) (p-value=0.0016), oxygen systemic saturation (p=0.0030) and dose of heparin given during the procedure (p<0.0001), number of catheterizations before the procedure (p=0.0345), anesthesia type (p<0.0001), procedure type risk category (p=0.0001), access type (p<0.0001) and number of sheaths used during the procedure (p=0.0313).
Conclusion: The complications risk in congenital and structural heart disease catheterization was independently increased if the patient was <2 year of age, use of local anesthesia, arterial access, more than one sheath used and procedure risk category 4.
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