癫痫杂志

Over the last few decades, nose-to-brain medication administration has piqued attention as a potential treatment for a variety of CNS illnesses and psychiatric disorders. Several nasal formulations have been created to bypass the blood-brain barrier and deliver medications directly to the CNS via the olfactory and trigeminal pathways. However, medication absorption by the nasal mucosa is poor, and the volume of the nasal cavity is small, making nose-to-brain drug transport difficult.

A useful but underutilised tool in the preoperative assessment of refractory epilepsy is epidural electrodes. In recent years, we have shifted to using cylindrical epidural 1-contact electrodes (1-CE) rather than Peg electrodes. Because explanations can be given at the patient's bedside, 1-CEs are more flexible. Here, we discuss our 1-CE experience and the associated technical information. This retrospective study comprised 56 patients with intractable epilepsy who underwent epidural electrode insertion for presurgical assessment at the Department of Neurosurgery at Charité University Hospital between September 2011 and July 2021.

A deficit of exploration exists on caregiving burden (CB) and the factors associated with it among non-age groups, similar as Bedouin maters of children diagnosed with epilepsy (CDE). The end of this study was to explore associations between CB and care-donors’ characteristics, contextual factors, and caregivers’ characteristics among those matters. Styles an aggregate of 50 maters completed tone-report questionnaires while visiting pediatric neurology inpatient clinic centres, using valid and dependable measures. Bivariate associations were set up between social support, number of specifics, and CB. General tone-efficacity and place of hearthstone surfaced as significant predictors of caregiver burden. These findings give health professionals with a better understanding of the factors that should be assessed in order to address caregiver burden among Bedouin maters of CDE. Understanding the unique characteristics and culture of the Bedouin community can help professionals in targeting caregivers with a lower sense of tone-efficacity, and those that live in Bedouin metropolises, in order to reduce their caregiving burden.

Epilepsy is a functional cerebral complaint caused by unforeseen abnormal brain neuron discharge. It's one of the most common brain conditions. Multichannel electroencephalogram (EEG) has been extensively applied for epilepsy analysis and opinion as it contains rich information on the abnormal discharge of brain cells during seizure onsets. The EEG allows observing brain exertion by using electrodes in the crown’s area and generally espousing the transnational system 10-20.

Three cases of the contortion of the cortical development are described a mixed strain canine and a Border Collie doggy with a focal and verbose cortical dysplasia, independently, and an alley cat with lissencephaly. All cases presented with intractable epilepsy and were euthanized, due to the cluster of epileptic seizures. The gross examination at postmortem revealed the morphologic revision of the telencephalic region in two cases. Histopathologically, a disorganization of the cortical lamination with the presence of megalic neurons, was set up in the focal cortical dysplasia case. An altered association of the white and argentine matter, with a loss of the normal neuronal distribution and altered neurons, characterized the verbose cortical dysplasia case. In the lissencephalic cat, there was no recognizable association of the brain with areas of neuroglial towel forming nodes in the leptomeningeal space. We explosively support the thesis that, as in humans, as well as in the veterinary cases, deformations of the cortical development could be the cause of refractory epilepsy.