精神障碍和治疗

The current mental health care system in Nigeria continues to struggle with providing adequate care and services to all that require it due to limited resources, stigma of persons and families living with mental illness, biases from other professional team members and the complexities of treatment of many of those individuals that suffer from mental illness. Mental health nurses, also referred to as psychiatric nurses, are impacted by these same biases, limited resources, and complexities in their role. This paper highlights the challenges of psychiatric nursing as a profession, and societal perception of both those who have mental illness and those who provide treatment. It is imperative that psychiatric nurses should continue to educate other health care professionals as well as the general public of the role of the psychiatric nurse and those who suffer from mental illness. Unfortunately, the biases of the pre-colonia era are still upheld in the 21st century.

Neuropsychotherapy is a macro biophysical, physiological method to therapy that sharpens awareness inpatients with transient homeostatic deregulated (THD) lasting distress of relapse, which produces body operational ranges (BOR) with morbid symptoms, against which a neuropsychotherapist had designed specific sets of tools and skills to train for more effective control over BOR rather than with drugs to eliminate THD, leading to a transient homeostatic resynchronizing (THR) state of remission with a tranquil body that produces pleasant feelings of health. The author of the article performed a breakthrough in neuropsychotherapy with special tools and strategies that were built during the acquisition of a placebo effect during self-navigation of the macro biophysical physiological operations through treatment and prevention. It focuses on training patients to develop well-targeted self-awareness to block all stress-inducing sources. The latter originate and sustain macro biophysical physiological distresses leading to transient homeostatic deregulated (THD) relapses, driving uncoordinated body operational ranges (BOR) with morbid symptoms. In neuropsychotherapy the self-intelligence level stimulates learning to positively strengthen the emotional levels monitoring quantify stages in the body operational ranges (BOR) for healthy activities. Neuropsychotherapy filters the cognitive, emotional, and behavioral tools that guide BOR with a set of constellation of antecedent conditions (COAC) to be described below: 1. Using 'positive connotations' for developing robust insight, 2. Driving personal BOR into a restful and peaceful state of mind, 3. Providing useful concrete anti-stress strategies and techniques, Using 'here and now' empathic, dynamic, 'doctor-patient alliance', 4. Using personal assertive interactional and conversational skills, 5. Using personal problem-solving tasks, and 6. Setting up family and social COACs. Current neuropsychotherapy is the cutting edge over all other psychotherapies.

Current survey has been accomplished in Zanjan City to evaluate the impact of Human Validitation Process Model in the increase of Marital Satisfaction level. This research was carried out choosing semi–experimental method (pre-test, post-test, case control study). Statistical society was selected among the volunteer couples referred to consultation centre of Welfare Department of Zanjan City following the relevant recall of researcher. Among a total of 72 people (36 couples), 60 people were randomly selected as a sample group (based on the methodology of this survey). They were placed in two individual groups. 15 experimental couples and 15 case control couples. There was also a drop of 4 people (2 couples per each group), up the end of determined time period. Pretest Enrich Marital Satisfaction Scale (47 Questions) conducted in both groups (case control and experimental group respectively). Then, therapeutic instructions were trained in eight sessions to each couple according to of Human Validitation Process Model. Simultaneously, control case group was placed in waiting list to receive counseling services. After termination all the sessions, both groups undertook post-test questionnaire. Descriptive statistics including (Frequency, mean and variance) and inferential statistics (to assess student's t-test) were applied to analyze dependent and independent samples. Findings suggested that Human Validitation Process Model significantly increased Marital Satisfaction level (P

By analyzing the psychometric properties of the Child PTSD Symptom Scale (CPSS) this study aims to provide data for improving the diagnostic criteria of PTSD in childhood and adolescence. The sample consists of 221 children aged between 8 and 17, who have suffered chronic intrafamily abuse. The factor structure, reliability and concurrent and discriminant validity of the CPSS scale have been analyzed. The exploratory factor analysis supported a single factor in contrast to the three and four factor structure proposed in DSM-IV and DSM-5. Internal consistency was high (alpha=0.884), and concurrent and discriminant validity tests were also significant.

The present study assessed the attitudes of 262 college students’ attitudes toward different parenting styles by replicating and extending. It was hypothesized that traditional parents (i.e., working father, stay at home mother) would be viewed more positively than nontraditional parents (i.e., working mother, stay at home father). Results showed a non-significant interaction two-way ANOVA, F (1,258)=3.413, p=0.066. However, a significant main effect for employment status was found; partially supporting our hypothesis. Thus, regardless of the parent gender, participants viewed the employed parents as more positive than the stay at home parents. The most positive attitudes across all four vignettes were towards the working mother and the least positive were towards the stay-at-home mother. These findings are unexpected, different than the findings of; study replicated in the present study, and have important implications. Limitations, strengths, and future research are discussed.

The face of treatment for juvenile sex offending is changing, with a movement away from approaches based inforensic models toward more relational, holistic models. This movement has highlighted the importance of attachment experiences in the evaluation, assessment, and treatment of juveniles with sexual behavior problems (JSBPs) along with other important etiological factors, such as depression and anxiety. The current research utilized a correlational design to explore perceptions of attachment relationships, depression, and anxiety in a sample of incarcerated male JSBPs. Pearson product-moment correlation coefficients revealed several interesting relationships among the variables. By considering relationships between attachment and common etiological factors, clinicians may be better able to improve overall treatment outcome for youth and their communities.

Play allows toddlers to exercise various skills. However not all toddlers, like those diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), engage in developmentally appropriate play. Thus, it is important to investigate play given assessment of and treatment for ASD that often occurs in play environments. This study assessed mothers' reported play of toddlers with ASD (n=3; Mage=26.5 months) in their natural environments while enrolled in an intervention program. Toddlers play was coded using five play categories. Results showed no significant differences in toddlers' engagement in play categories; however, frequencies within play categories varied. This research is important for its insight of play in ASD for therapists and caregivers, and identifying play competencies to best conduct play based therapies