动物健康与行为科学杂志

The core of the present study is to investigate the effect of somatic cell count on milk yield and its gross chemical composition. The data set comprised from thirty milk record collected from thirty buffalo at the fifth month of lactation kept under field conditions among smallscale farmers in Tabanoha village, Dakahlia governorate, Egypt. The results of this research indicate that the overall means along with their standard deviations for milk yield, fat, protein, lactose, total solid and solid nonfat were 222.62± 73.64, 15.70 ± 4.98, 9.75 ± 3.33, 11.42 ± 4.18, 38.01 ± 12.08 and 22.37 ± 7.67, respectively. Somatic cell count exerted significant effect on milk yield and its various components with coefficient of determination (R2 ) about 23.5%, 22.9%, 22.1%, 17.4%, 23.3% and 21.2% for the yield of milk, fat, protein, lactose, total soiled and solids non-fat, respectively. A statistically significant positive correlation was observed between milk, fat, protein, total solid and solid nonfat with milk somatic cell count (0.358* , 0.492**, 0.360* , 0.420* and 0.349* , respectively), while non-significant effect was detected between lactose and milk yield (0.303). It could be concluded that some emphasis must be placed on milk somatic cell count due to its impact on milk yield and its chemical composition.

Aim: The objective of this study was to investigate the prevalence, clinical signs and hematological changes resulting from natural infestation with Bartonella Spp. in stray cats and dogs.
Material and method: A total of 50 animals, including 32 cats and 18 dogs, one month to two years old of both sexes were investigated.
Results: The prevalence of Bartonellosis in stray cats and dogs (asymptomatically and clinically infected animals) were 31.25%and 66.66% respectively. Hematological diagnosis revealed significant increase in total leukocyte counts (TWBCs) and Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV) which reflecting macrocytic hypochromic anemia; on the other hand, there was significant decrease in total erythrocytes counts (TRBCs), Hemoglobin concentration (Hb) and Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin Concentration (MCHC) in the infected animals.
Conclusion: Prevalence of Bartonellosis in dogs is a higher than cats, Younger animals were more frequently infected than older animals.

Livestock production is an important economical and traditional activity in Ethiopia. Although animals are kept for multipurpose agricultural out puts such as milk, meat, egg, wool and traction power their productivity is very low there for livestock holders become unable to meet their own need as well as consumers demand for animal products which contributes to food scarcity and insecurity. Hence, the need for supply of increased animal products requires improvement in animal production more over livestock production is becoming important to economic growth and production system are facing towards. Intensification therefore alteration of some natural reproductive processes for the benefit of livestock holders and consumers becomes an important concern. The use of biotechnologies such as estrus synchronization, Artificial insemination and embryo transfer can solve problems associated with traditional and in efficient production systems improving animal production and productivity, even though there is some constraints on to use this technologies.

A study was conducted on the impact of introduction of improved pack saddle on harness related wound on donkey in Adulala and Ada districts of Bishoftu, Ethiopia, during the period from November, 2013 through April, 2014. A total of 160 donkey’s owners were sampled and interviewed and their donkeys were observed for any abnormality on contact part of body to IPS. Descriptive statistics for the common impact of improved pack saddle on harness related wound of working donkeys were calculated using Statistical Software which called SPSS version 20.0. Chi square and P<0.05 was used to determine the association of variables. No significant relationship (p-value 0.85) between materials used to prepare IPS and type of work taken from donkey using IPS. Use of IPS in working donkeys showed very favorable impact, as there was no sign of occurrence of any abnormality in 87.5% of working donkey used IPS and only slight hair removal from wither area in 8.8%, wound on wither area in 1.3%, scar on pelvic bone in 0.6% and scar on ribs area in 1.3% working donkeys were observed. There was significant relationship (p value 0.01) between area where lesion formed and material used to prepare IPS. The impact of water fetching and crop transportation on working donkeys was highest (35.7%) in both type of work, followed by sand carrying (14.2%), and wood carrying (7.1%) and charcoal carrying (7.1%). There was no significant relationship (p-value 0.35) between work type and lesion, wound or scar formation. Significance difference (p-value 0.01) between material used to prepare IPS and their cleanness was observed. The IPS made from sisal sac with wheat straw were easy to maintain and clean (75.5%) followed by fertilizer sac with wheat straw (19.9%) and clothes (2.6%). The IPS made from sisal sac with wheat straw (77.3%) were more durable (>1 year) than fertilizer sac with wheat straw (20.3%) and fertilizer sac with teff straw (2.0%) than these IPS made from clothes. (0.7%) which were less durable (<1 year). It was recommended that improved pack saddle made from sisal sac with wheat straw should be used to reduce harness related adverse impact causing hair removal, wounds or scars formation on working donkeys