组织科学与工程学报

Apoptosis, also known as programmed cell death, is a highly regulated cellular process essential for maintaining tissue homeostasis and eliminating damaged or unwanted cells. It plays a crucial role in various physiological and pathological conditions, including development, immune response, and cancer. This review aims to provide an overview of the molecular mechanisms and signalling pathways involved in apoptosis, highlighting the key players and regulators. The intricate balance between pro-apoptotic and anti-apoptotic factors determines the fate of cells, with disruptions in this equilibrium leading to aberrant cell survival or excessive cell death. We discuss the importance of apoptosis in normal cellular processes and its dysregulation in diseases, emphasizing the therapeutic implications. Furthermore, recent advancements in understanding apoptosis regulation and novel therapeutic strategies targeting apoptotic pathways are also explored. A comprehensive understanding of apoptosis is vital for unravelling its complex dynamics and exploiting its therapeutic potential.

Stem cells have garnered significant attention in the field of regenerative medicine due to their unique ability to self-renew and differentiate into various cell types. This remarkable potential offers promising avenues for treating a wide range of diseases and injuries. This paper explores the current state of stem cell research and highlights the advances made in harnessing their regenerative properties. The abstract also discusses the ethical considerations surrounding stem cell use and provides an overview of the challenges that need to be addressed for their successful translation into clinical applications. Additionally, it emphasizes the importance of continued research and collaboration in unlocking the full potential of stem cells for improving human health.