Ming Guo
According to the findings of the study, biodiversity is essential for human well-being, and its conservation is a pressing issue around the world at the moment. In reality, genetic diversity analysis, individual organism identification, genetic integrity monitoring, and the classification and evaluation of biological resources are all prerequisites for biodiversity conservation and management. Within populations of species, genetic diversity refers to the variation of genetic information included in all of the individual plants, animals, and microbes. The most essential method for assessing genetic variation among individuals and selecting what to conserve and where to conserve is genetic diversity analysis. Characterization is the process of evaluating genetic diversity within collections in relation to the total genetic diversity accessible for each species. Classical Marker Classification and Molecular Markers are two types of markers. Most biodiversity conservation operations, including identification and genetic diversity analysis, characterisation of biological diversity and genetic integrity monitoring, and illicit wildlife trafficking, use these markers. Identification of organisms, genetic diversity study (analysis), characterization of diversity, genetic integrity monitoring for conserved seeds in gene banks, and illicit wildlife trafficking all require molecular markers. As a conclusion, the main applications, classifications, and types of molecular markers in biodiversity are discussed, as well as the main molecular marker types such as AFLP, RFLP, RAPD, and SSR, as well as their specific applications in biodiversity conservation and management such as genetic diversity analysis and germplasm characterization.
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